Internal combustion engine



Aug. 23, 1938; R. H. MASTERS INTERNAL'COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Jan. 11, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet l I N VENTOR. /f/7rMo/m /2. M60 TE/PS.

' ATTORNEY.

Aug. 23, 1938. R. H. MASTERS INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 WARKWZ? Filed Jan. 11, 1937 z I I ATTQRNEY.

Patented Aug. 23, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

2,128,154 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Raymond H. Masters, Detroit, Mich. Application January 11, 1937, Serial No. 119,930

3 Claims.

My invention relates to a device for the useful and beneficial dissipation of vapors and waste To these ends I utilize, in part, the subject matter of United States Letters Patent Number 15 1,934,987 granted to me November 14, 1933 for an auxiliary air device.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure l is a side elevation of so much of a conventional power plant as is necessary to illus- 20 trate the connection of my invention therewith partly broken away to show the interior of the crank case.

Figure 2 is a detail sectional elevation to an enlarged scale of apparatus embodying my present inventionand a portion of the intake to the engine in connection with said auxiliary air device.

Figure 3 is a detail section on theline CC, Fig.

Figure 4 is a detail section on the line D-D, Fig. 2.

Figure 5 is a detail elevation illustrating the operation of the adjusting lever.

- Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 2 to a 5 reduced scale, showing a modified construction connected to a down-draft carburetor.

FiFigure 7 is a detail section on the line GG,

g. 6. Figure 8 is an elevation of a device embodying 40 my invention to a reduced scale looking from the rear of Fig. 1, showing a fuel pump attached thereto in section.

2 is housing having a valve seat 3 in the lower wall thereof, and 4 is an air. chamber forming a downward extension of the housing 2 into which the port of the valve seat 3 opens. valve seat in'the nipple extending below the air chamber 4 and coaxial with the valve seat 3. 8 indicates air intake ports through the wall of the 50 chamber 4 between the valve seats 3 and 5. I is a valve adapted to coact with the seat 3 and hav--. ing a coaxial upward extension Ia with a groove formed around it. 8 is a rod fitting and passing through a coaxial bore in the valve 1 and the 5 extension Ia and having its lower end formed to coact with the needle valve seat 5. The valve 1 is free to slide on the rod 8. 8a is a collar pinned to the rod 8 just above the extension 1a from the valve 1. 9 is a compression spring acting upon the collar to to force the rod 8 downward, and

5 is a needle thereby the valve I to its seat, the lower end of said rod engaging the needle valve seat 5 to close its port.

in is a lever arm and yoke upon a shaft I I passing transversely across an extension 2a of the housing 2. The free end of the arm in engages through a suitable roller or boss in the groove of the extension la of the valve 1 and is provided with an arcuate rack Illa. I2 is a shaft passing transversely across the extension 2a of the housing 2 and bearing in the wall-bosses of the same. One end of the shaft 12 protrudes from the wall of the extension 2a and has pivoted thereon a lever arm I3. I 4 is a pinion upon the shaft l2, its teeth engaging the teeth of the rack Illa to oscillate the arm Iil.

There is a cushioning washer between the collar 8a and the top of the extension Ia from the valve 1, when said valve is on its seat and the rod 8 is at the lower'end of its travel.

l3a (Fig. 5) is a two-armed lever secured upon the shaft l2 so that said shaft can be rotated thereby. There is a set screw l3b in one, or it may be in each, of said levers. The arm l3 turns freely about the shaft l2 a short distance before engaging the lever In, or the end of the screw I3b thereon, and then contacts one of said arms or the end of a screw i3b to effect the turning of the lever l2 to actuate the arm l through the pinion I4 and arcuate rack Ilia thus moving the valve and rod 8.

The extent of free movement of the lever l3 may be adjusted by the screw l3b. I is a torsion spring surrounding the shaft l2 outside of the extension 2a, one end engaging the wall of said extension and the other engagin'g'the twoarmedv lever l3a to turn the shaftl2 to position 'the parts as shown in the drawings.

I6 is a conical upward extension from the housaccompanying drawings, 20 indicates an internal combustion engine, and 2| is the intake manifold. 22 is a down-draft carburetor an 23 is a pipe or passage leading from said carburetor -to the manifold 2|.

Said pipe or passage has two parts which may be connected together by flanges 23a and 23b.

24 is a throttle valve in the passage 23 and 24a is the stem of the same adapted to turn in bearings in the walls of said passage. 24b is a lever arm on the outer end of the stem 24a. 25 is a bell-crank lever. 28 is a connecting rod joining the outer end of the lever l3 with the outer end of one of the arms of the bell-crank lever 5 28; 21 is a connecting rod joining the outer end of the lever arm 24b to the same lever arm .of said bell-crank lever as the connecting rod, 28. 28 is a pull-rod leading from the bell-crank lever 25 to the operators seat. 29' is annulus adapted to be bound between the flanges 23a and 28b and form a part of the passage 23. 38 is a nipple, its upper end opening through a wall of the annulus 29 and extending inward and downward until the upper portion of. its inner 15 end comes at about the center of the passage 23 its bore opening downward and inward in said passage. 28a. is an internally screw-threaded attaching flange extending outward from around the opening in .thewall of ,the annulus 29 which opens to'the bore of the nipple 30. 4 The nipple 38 nfay bepart of 'a plate 30a adapted to fit into a dove-tailed groove as shown in Figures 2 and 4, or it may be formed as a part of annulus insert 88h as shown in Figures 6 and 7.

In the latter case the wall of the annular insert may be made of-the thickness required, or a number of such annuli maybe kept on handfor use with different conventional apparatus.

' In Figure 6, the cone I6 is shown as cast in- .tegral -with:theannulus 29.v

. 3I-l2 are pipe sections joining the interior of the housing '2 to the nipple 30 through the interior of the conical projection I6. 33' is the radiator and 83a the'overflow pipe therefrom. 34 i1 is a pipe leading from the overflow pipe 38a near the top thereof to the inlet passage to the port of the valve 8. is the crank case of the engine. 35a--35a 'are breather or filler pipes opening from the outer air'to the interior of the crankcase. Said pipes are spaced a distance from ea'ch'other "so that air entering oneof said pipes V and passing to, and out of, the other would travel through the entire space enclosed by said case; ,88 is a pipe connecting the nipple l8 with one -of the breather pipes 35 as shown in Figure 1. 31 is the fuel tank. 38 is a pipe connecting the'nipple l8 with the interior of the gasoline I tank 21 above the level of the gasoline-therein.

In Figure 2, the valve seat 5 has a limited required- As noted. in my patent above referred to as the throttle 24 moves to'ward'open position, it will also act to rotate the pinion I2=and cause the arm ill to operate the valve 1 and rod 8 and open both ports ofisaid valves. This allows thevacuum in the intake to draw auxiliary air into .the. engine which has been moistened by water vapor entering through the pipe 38. v

The annulus]! greatly facilitates the installa-' tion of the above apparatus to existing construetions.

The nipple 88 utilizes the passing gases in the engine.

operating apparatus, or wherever a vacuum'is-- intake 23 to draw a vacuum and materially aids in the proper functioning of the device, and forming a positive vacuum independent of the throttle opening.

By drawing air from the crank chamber the gases passing the piston and the vapors and gases formed therein, which are there often injurious, are conveyed to the combustion chamber where they aid combustion and thereby economize fuel. The lubricating oil in the crank case is kept 1o cooler and free from contamination and acidity. The oil is carried to the cylinder and furnishes cylinder top oiling. v v

I have also found that a liquid or vapor as from fuel oilmay be introduced through the pipe 48 5 or, and will be properly burned in the mixture and especially that heavy oils introduced at 48 where it is mixed. with moisture, is completely and efliciently burned in the operation of the I I also find that by the use of the aboveapparatus the deposit of carbon is lessened and knocking largely obviated. Much gasoline is wasted by evaporation in the fuel tank. By drawing this vapor to the engine 25 this waste is avoided. f m

Referring to Figure 8, Si is a small pump which will be connected to the carburetor, or fuel tank 31 by its supply pipe52, the plunger of which. will be actuated by thelever lia, to force '30 liquid fuel through the delivery pipe 41 into the nipple l8. What I claim is:

1. In combination, an internal combustion enginehaving an intake passage, apart adapted 35 to be inserted into said passagev havinga'wall adapted to form a portion of the wall of said passage and having an aperture through itswall,

a second part adapted to fit within said first part and having an aperture through its wall-4o adapted to register with the aperturmthrough the wall ofthe first named part, the aperture throughsaid second part extending inward in a nipple'and in the direction of flow of gas in said passage and opening at its inner end in the direction of flow of said gas. 2. In combination, an internal'conibustion engine having an intake passage, a'part adapted to be inserted into said passage having a wall. v adapted to form aportion of the wall of said-5 passage and having an aperture through its wall and a longitudinal groove in its inner wall including said aperture,\asecond part adapted to be removably inserteddn said groove and having an aperture adapted to register with the first 55 named aperture and extending inward in a nipple and in the direction of flow of gas in'said passage and opening atits-inner end'in the direction of flowof said gas. 'f"

3. In combination, an-internal combustion en- I gine having an intake passage, apart adapted to be inserted into said passage having a well adapted to form a portion of 'the wall of said passage and h'avingan aperture through its wall, an annular part adapted to fit and be removably 86 inserted in the" first mentioned part having an aperture adapted, to register with the first mentioned aperture and extending in animal: and in the direction of flow of gas in said passage and opening at its inner end in'the direction of 70 flowot said gas.

RAYMOND H. MASTERS. 

